Which type of cells protect the stomach lining from acidity?

Mucous cells are responsible for protecting the stomach lining from acidity by secreting mucus, which forms a protective barrier. This mucus is alkaline in nature and helps to neutralize the gastric acid, preventing damage to the stomach wall. The mucosal layer is critical for safeguarding the underlying tissues from the harsh acidic environment necessary for digestion.

In contrast, parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid, which contributes to the acidity of the stomach. Chief cells are primarily involved in producing pepsinogen, an inactive enzyme that is converted to pepsin to help digest proteins, and G cells produce gastrin, which stimulates the secretion of gastric acid. Therefore, while all these cells have important roles in the digestive process, it is the mucous cells that specifically provide the necessary protection to maintain the integrity of the stomach lining against acidity.