Which disorder is associated with short-term memory loss and cognitive decline?

Alzheimer's disease is known for being a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, particularly affecting memory, thinking, and behavior. Short-term memory loss is one of the most prominent early signs of Alzheimer’s. This disorder leads to calcium and other neurotransmitter disruptions in the brain, which significantly interfere with the ability to form new memories and retain information. In the early stages, individuals may struggle to recall recent events or conversations, which progressively worsens as the disease advances.

In contrast, while seizures may impact cognitive function during an episode and potentially lead to memory issues, they do not specifically manifest as a consistent and progressive decline in short-term memory akin to Alzheimer’s disease. Myxedema, associated with severe hypothyroidism, can lead to cognitive impairments, but it does not exclusively present with short-term memory loss and cognitive decline as a primary feature. Osteoporosis primarily affects bone density and strength and does not have direct implications for memory or cognitive function. Therefore, Alzheimer's disease is the clear choice when considering short-term memory loss and cognitive decline.