Which condition involves progressive loss of central vision due to changes in the macula?

The condition that involves progressive loss of central vision due to changes in the macula is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The macula is the part of the retina that is responsible for sharp, central vision, which is crucial for activities like reading and recognizing faces. In AMD, the macula deteriorates over time, leading to a gradual decline in central vision, while peripheral vision typically remains intact. This makes it particularly challenging for individuals, as they may find it difficult to perform tasks that require detailed vision.

The condition can manifest in two forms: dry and wet AMD. Dry AMD is characterized by the gradual breakdown of the light-sensitive cells in the macula, whereas wet AMD involves the growth of abnormal blood vessels that can leak fluid and lead to more rapid vision loss. Both result in significant challenges for affected individuals, impacting their quality of life.

In contrast, other conditions mentioned do not primarily affect the macula or central vision in the same progressive manner. Closed-angle glaucoma generally leads to increased intraocular pressure and peripheral vision loss. Retinal detachment involves the separation of the retina from the underlying tissue, which can lead to sudden vision changes but not specifically central vision decline due to macular changes. Diabetic retinopathy primarily affects