What treatment methods are used for age-related macular degeneration?

Laser photocoagulation and photodynamic therapy are recognized treatment methods for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), particularly the wet form of the disease. Laser photocoagulation involves using a focused beam of light to destroy abnormal blood vessels under the retina, which helps to prevent further vision loss. Photodynamic therapy combines a light-sensitive drug with a laser to target and treat abnormal blood vessels, reducing the leakage and growth that characterizes the wet type of AMD.

Other treatment methods listed may serve in various capacities but do not directly target the underlying issues of age-related macular degeneration as effectively. For instance, intraocular injections can also be utilized, specifically for anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) therapy; however, this method is not the only approach nor does it encompass all treatment options. Patch therapy, atropine, oral medications, and lifestyle changes play roles in general eye health or other conditions but are not specific treatments for AMD. Thus, the selected answer highlights the most direct and effective interventions for managing the disease.